Posts Tagged ‘PS’
Brake fluid, oil “power steering”, glass cleaner water, and water storage battery are four types of liquids which do not relate directly to the work machine. However, hole filling and tube reservoir fluids are located in the engine room. Therefore, every car owner should routinely perform “ritual” opening the hood to check the condition of these fluids.
Brake fluid
Brake fluid or brake oil became the most important fluid after water radiator and transmission oil. After cooling the engine to work with both, and the car moves with the teeth of the transmission lubrication eligible, the cars need for speed reduction devices to stop or run out of control.
Hydraulic brake fluid Oil which serves as a forward driver’s foot pressure on brake pedal to the brake calipers on four wheels. Without this fluid, brake did not work. Brake fluid is needed on the disc brake system (disc-brake). However, because no direct contact with machines, people usually underestimate.
Function as a successor to the power press brake, making brake fluid should be made of material that is not compressed and high temperature resistant. Generally, brake fluid made of glycol although some are made of silicon.
Glycol is hygroscopic aka absorb water. If allowed in a long time, brake fluid will absorb moisture from the air in the vicinity. The danger is greater than water are stacked brake tension because the symptoms of “false air” or vapor lock. Vapor lock occurs when the brakes are forced to work hard, to arise very high heat and boil water content in brake fluid. Boiling water changes into water vapor in the form of compressed gas.
When this water vapor formed in the hydraulic system, then instead of pressing the brake calipers to reduce the car’s speed, power press and hydraulic systems to compress the gas will be exhausted this. Although the brake pedal is pressed down, the brakes will not function. Brake fluid must be drained every 10,000 miles or about
once a year.
“Power steering” Lubricant / Oil
power steering (PS) lubricant / oil is required on cars that use the power steering hydraulic system. PS In addition to the hydraulic system, some small car production utilizing the latest PS-driven electric power system.
PS help the movement system to the steering wheel of the car becomes lighter. In the PS system hydraulic power assistance in the form of force that comes from the spin machine and forwarded PS oil. Even though the same function as hydraulic fluid, specifications and characteristics are different from the PS oil brake oil, can not be exchanged until use.
In addition to using special oil-PS, this system also can be filled automatic transmission oil (automatic transmission fluid / ATF). Usually used for oil PS ATF Dexron II or Dexron categorized III.
Always read the car manual to see oil specification PS is needed. Some car manufacturers such as Honda, oil specification requires special PS different from other cars.
Power steering oil should be drained and replaced every 40,000 to 50,000 km or two years. PS oil surface elevation in the reservoir tube should be checked. The surface of this liquid should be between the maximum and minimum.
The contents of oil exceeds the maximum limit could disrupt oil circulation, whereas below the minimum threshold to damage the oil pump. If the volume of oil continues to decrease, meaning there is a leak in the hydraulic system. Cars must be immediately taken to a special workshop PS.
Water cleaning glass
Glass cleaning fluid is important because it relates to the driver’s visibility. Dirty car glass can interfere with vision and concentration of the driver. Glass cleaner water tube should not only filled with water, but also fluid-containing detergent additive. The function of these additives such as soap, cleaning the dirt on the glass.
Water battery
Water battery needed a car that uses long-tech batteries, which contain a liquid electrolyte. Most new cars use the so-called maintenance-free batteries (maintenance free / MF) or popular with the battery dry.
In the old model battery, battery electrolyte solution to maintain chemical reaction occurs between electrical elements that resulted in electricity storage function. When the electrolyte solution decreases, electrical elements of the battery can be damaged and not functioning.
If the battery does not function, the resulting electric car alternator can not be saved. In fact, the electricity needed to power the engine. Therefore, the electrolyte solution must always be between the limits Upper Level and Lower Level which are listed on the wall of the battery. If less, add water battery.
There are two types of water storage battery, namely pure water (usually marked with a blue bottle cap) and the solution Battery. Battery required during early operation of the new battery. Acid solution is dangerous when exposed clothing or skin and can be fatal if swallowed. Be careful when you carry and pour. After a battery operated and the solution was reduced, add the water containing the blue battery cover pure water (Aquadestilata or distilled water).
Posted in Auto Info
Ferrari introduced a new super car, which is labeled 458 Italy. This car will replace the F430. From the aspect of engine design, aerodynamics, controls, instrumentation, and ergonomic design, the new total of 458. More interestingly, the most advanced engine technology with the best working efficiency of all products ever made by Ferrari.
Another achievement in Ferrari car is fuel consumption more efficient. This last in order to achieve the goal of CO2 standards. In fact, the capacity and energy produced larger engine than its predecessor, F340.
Analysts, 458 Italians are a big jump in the Ferrari automotive technology field, especially for performance and emissions standards in the history of the Italian car company such pride.
Aero elastic wing
Italy 458 appearances very different from its predecessor, judged more compact and practical. Dimensions: length 4527 mm, width 1937 mm and 1213 mm high. Axle distance of 2650 mm.
Nose of the car is equipped with small wings produce down force that aero elastic (traction), when the car accelerated out. This forms a small wing will change according to the speed of the car. At speed, the flow of air into the radiator is reduced, as well as minimizes wind resistance. In this way, traction can be generated up to 140 kg at a speed of 200 km / hour.
Machine capability
Engine capacity of 4.5-liter V8 is capable of producing power 570 PS (425 kW) and 540 Nm of torque. With power and torque of that, 458 Italian can sprint 0-100 km / hour in 3.4 seconds. No less amazing, Ferrari could be up to top speed, 325 km / hour.
This V8 engine is Ferrari’s first product that uses direct injection system. This machine is installed in the center-back. Another feature of the machine is using high compression pistons. Friction in internal was too low. This is what makes the latest Ferrari engine is economical, but responsive than F340.
Based on the release of Ferrari, the engine compression ratio reaches 12.5: 1. More solid machine works because it uses crankshaft (crutches as) flat. The result, maximum power is produced pada@9.000 rpm. Or for each liter engine is producing 125 PS (94 kW). Meanwhile, the torque produced at 6000 rpm. A total of is more than 80 percent of torque available at 3250 rpm spin.
To move the engine power to the wheels used transmissions plus 7-speed dual clutch (dual-clutch). Transmission is similar to that used in California.
According to Ferrari, double clutch and direct injection to reduce CO2 emissions 320 g / km. Fuel consumption, 13.7 liter/100 km (7.2 km / liter). It is also obtained thanks to the drop in weight to 1380 kg for using chassis from aluminum. Distribution of 42 in front and 58 on the back.
Another feature is the traction control system and E-Differential and F1-Trac. With technology, the symptoms can be prevented spin, making the Ferrari actually invited accelerated steadily. For the suspension, double wishbone front and use a multi-link rear.
Controls on the steering wheel
Innovative features and is considered very attractive form of the steering wheel and dashboard. In this case, Ferrari is using of technology and experience in F1. The result, automobile control systems work quickly and precisely. He further, Ferrari’s decision to use the steering wheel control system based on input from those who racer F1′s most successful, Michael Schumacher.
By using highly skilled ECU to control the ABS work, the resulting braking distances, 100-0 km / h, 32.5 meters.
He further, 458 Italy consumer segments differ with California. If California was created for those who want a versatile sport car, 458 Italian for those who only occasionally want to test his ability in track and more often as a daily car.
Although already introduced to the media, 458 Italians will be displayed the first time in public at the Frankfurt Auto Show next September. Meanwhile, new sales made beginning mid-next year.